Identifying Oddities – Concept Made Super‑Simple
(“Odd One Out” questions)
Meaning (अर्थ)
- English: You are given a group of 3–5 items. All except one share a common feature. Find the item that does NOT belong to the group.
- Hindi: आपको 3–5 वस्तुओं का समूह दिया जाता है। इन‑में से एक वस्तु ऐसी होती है जो बाकी के समान गुण में फिट नहीं बैठती। वही “Oddity” या “Odd One Out” कहलाती है।
Why It Appears in Exams
- English: Tests quick observation, logical grouping and basic reasoning.
- Hindi: यह प्रश्न आपकी निरीक्षण‑शक्ति, तार्किक समूह‑बनाने की क्षमता और तर्क‑विचार को जाँचता है।
Quick Trick to Solve (झट‑पट हल करने की तरकीब)
- Spot the Common Rule (समान नियम पहचानें):
- Check category, size, letter‑order, number pattern, shape, function, sound, etc.
- Compare One by One (एक‑एक कर मिलाएँ):
- See which single item breaks that rule.
- Confirm Quickly (तुरन्त पुष्टि करें):
- Ask yourself: “Does this item share the feature?” If “No,” that is the oddity.
Memory Aid: “Look → Match → Mismatch = Oddity”
याद रखने का तरीका: “देखो → मिलाओ → न मिले = Oddity”
Common Patterns Examiners Use (परीक्षा में आने वाले आम पैटर्न)
| Pattern | English Clue | Hindi Hint |
|---|---|---|
| Category | Animals vs Birds vs Vehicles | श्रेणी अलग |
| Number Property | Prime / Even / Multiple of 3 | संख्यात्मक गुण |
| Alphabet Order | Vowel vs Consonant | स्व‑व्यंजन अंतर |
| Meaning / Function | Tools vs Clothing | अर्थ/कार्य |
| Spelling / Letters | Extra letter, jumbled order | वर्तनी में अंतर |
Step‑by‑Step Examples (उदाहरण)
| Q. | Items | Reasoning | Oddity (उत्तर) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2, 4, 6, 9 | 2‑4‑6 are even. 9 is odd. | 9 |
| 2 | Mango, Apple, Litchi, Carrot | First three are fruits; Carrot is a vegetable. | Carrot / गाजर |
| 3 | A, E, I, O, Q | A‑E‑I‑O are vowels; Q is consonant. | Q |
| 4 | Square, Rectangle, Triangle, Circle | First three have straight sides; Circle has none. | Circle / वृत्त |
| 5 | Monday, Tuesday, January, Friday | January = month; others = weekdays | January / जनवरी |
Mini Practice Drill (स्व‑अभ्यास)
Find the odd one out:
- 11, 13, 17, 22
- Lion, Tiger, Leopard, Penguin
- HTML, CSS, Python, JavaScript
- 5 cm, 7 cm, 9 cm, 9 kg
(Answers: 22 • Penguin • Python • 9 kg)
Key Take‑aways (मुख्य बिन्दु)
- Look for one shared rule → Identify the breaker.
- Practice different patterns daily; speed comes with familiarity.
- Use elimination: if unsure, tick the items that clearly match—what remains is the oddity.
One‑line summary: “Oddity = The unique misfit in a group.”
सार: “Oddity = समूह में जो मेल न खाए, वही अलग।”
Odd‑One‑Out (Advanced Level)
(Short & Smart • द्विभाषी संक्षिप्त पाठ)
| What gets harder? / कठिन क्या होता है? | Quick Idea / झटपट सूत्र |
|---|---|
| Multi‑Layer Rule एक से ज़्यादा नियम देखें (रंग + आकार + समूह)। | 1. List all possible rules → 2. Count matches → 3. Pick lowest‑match item. |
| Semantic Gap अर्थ आधारित अंतर — e.g., “Cow, Goat, Horse, Plough.” | Spot hidden theme (all are animals except a tool). |
| Series Continuity क्रम टूटना— e.g., 8‑13‑21‑34‑40‑55 (breaks Fibonacci). | Check differences, ratios, primes … find the breaker. |
| Property Parity गुण का सम‑विषम स्वरूप— e.g., word length even/odd. | Compute parity; odd parity in even crowd = oddity. |
Advanced Examples (EN + HI)
- Geometry:
- Cube, Cylinder, Cone, Octagon
- पहला तीन 3‑D solid; Octagon 2‑D shape (फ़्लैट) → Odd.
- Coding Theory:
- UTF‑8, ASCII, EBCDIC, JPEG
- तीन character‑encodings; JPEG is an image format → Odd.
- Math Series:
- 1, 4, 9, 16, 18, 25
- Squares of integers except 18 → Odd.
- Logical Set:
- AND, OR, XOR, NAND
- First two are basic logical gates, NAND is composite but universal; in some exams NAND is picked as special odd (advanced twist).
Parity Reference Table
(What can be even or odd? / कौन‑कौन‑सी चीज़ें सम या विषम हो सकती हैं?)
| # | Element Type | Even Example (सम) | Odd Example (विषम) | Hindi Hint / संकेत |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Integer | 24 | 17 | पूर्णांक |
| 2 | Alphabet Position | B (2) | C (3) | वर्णक्रमांक |
| 3 | Letters in Word | “Table” (5) | “Books” (5) → Odd “Train” (5) but 4? (check) | शब्द‑लम्बाई |
| 4 | Sum of Digits | 246 → 2+4+6 = 12 (Even) | 135 → 9 (Odd) | अंक‑योग |
| 5 | Number of Factors | 16 has 5 factors (Odd) | 12 has 6 (Even) | गुणनखण्ड |
| 6 | Polygon Sides | Hexagon (6) | Pentagon (5) | बहुभुज भुजाएँ |
| 7 | Clock Hours | 2 AM, 4 PM | 1 AM, 3 PM | घण्टे |
| 8 | ASCII Code | “A” = 65 (Odd) | “B” = 66 (Even) | कोड मान |
Use‑case: In a mixed list, apply the same parity test across one chosen property (letters‑in‑word, ASCII value, etc.). The lone mismatched parity ⇒ Oddity.
Rapid Strategy (सुपर‑फ़ास्ट तरीका)
Scan → Pick a Property → Check Parity/Pattern → Eliminate Rest
देखो → कोई एक गुण चुनो → सम/विषम या पैटर्न जाँचो → बाकी हटाओ
Practice these layers daily—advanced exams often hide the rule behind context or multiple overlaps.
One‑Line Recap (संक्षेप):
“Oddity = The single element that violates the dominant advanced rule.”
“Oddity = प्रमुख नियम तोड़ने वाला एकमात्र तत्व।”
Reasoning: Identifying Oddities Test: प्रत्येक उत्तर के +1 पॉइंट आपको मिलेंगे और गलत उत्तर के 0 पॉइंट, START TEST का बटन दबाकर आप TEST को शुरू कर सकते हैं उत्तर सही होने पर हरा रंग का उत्तर दिखेगा गलत होने पर लाल रंग का उत्तर दिखेगा अंत में FINISH TEST का बटन दबाकर टेस्ट को समाप्त करे, और आपने कितने अंक प्राप्त किए उसे देखें